{"id":1459,"date":"2024-07-25T12:42:39","date_gmt":"2024-07-25T07:12:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editage.us\/blog\/?p=1459"},"modified":"2024-07-25T12:42:40","modified_gmt":"2024-07-25T07:12:40","slug":"ama-style-in-text-citations-citing-sources-as-per-ama-style","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.us\/blog\/ama-style-in-text-citations-citing-sources-as-per-ama-style\/","title":{"rendered":"AMA Style In-Text Citations: Citing Sources As Per AMA Style"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

If you\u2019re writing a research paper in the biomedical sciences, you inevitably end up having to refer to existing knowledge and previously published research. Citing these the correct way is important, to build your credibility as an author and researcher, and to ensure that your own <\/em>contribution to extant knowledge is appreciated. So in this article, we\u2019ll dive into how to create in-text citations, on the basis of the AMA Manual of Style<\/a>, one of the most popular style guides in the fields of medicine and life sciences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The Basics: Creating an In-Text Citation in AMA Style<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The 11th<\/sup> edition of the AMA style <\/a>guide<\/a> requires authors to use the number system for in-text citations. Simply put, you\u2019ve to do the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Each source in the text is given a number, based on order of appearance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Numbers are Arabic (1, 2, 3), not Roman (i, ii, iii).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Numbers are superscripted.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Place citation numbers immediately after the material you\u2019re referencing. This means they don\u2019t always need to appear at the end of a sentence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Author last names may or may not be used in the main text. You can use author names for flow or clarity, but the citation number is essential.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. The year of publication is rarely needed in the main text, unless it\u2019s important in some way (e.g., In 2008, Parson4<\/sup> observed that\u2026.but these observations were not supported by research conducted after the emergence of CRISPR technology5-9<\/sup>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. When you\u2019re citing multiple works, separate them with a comma, and if these works are a range, indicate that with an en dash (\u2013).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Now that we\u2019ve got these basics down, let\u2019s look at some unusual cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    AMA Style In-Text Citations with Page Numbers <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    More often than not, it won\u2019t be absolutely necessary to use page numbers in AMA style in-text citations. Think of it: much of medical research is published in journal articles, conference papers, or edited, multi-author books (i.e., book chapters). These are relatively short works, spanning less than 10 pages, and readers can quickly track down the source information they\u2019re searching for. So page numbers go mostly in the reference list, rather than as part of the main text in AMA style.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    But there may be some one-off cases where you do need to use a page number in the main text. In that case, you use a lowercase \u201cp\u201d (or \u201cpp\u201d for multiple pages) to denote the page number, alongside the citation number. Take for example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The 2023 report4(pp 65-69)<\/sup> provides an optimistic view that \u201cmortality trends have relatively stabilized between June and December 2022.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    How Can I Cite Works with No Author or Multiple Authors in AMA Style?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    If you\u2019ve got two author names, just use \u201cand\u201d between them in running text. If there are 3 or more author names, use \u201cet al.\u201d in running text after the first author\u2019s last name. Naturally, since just a superscript number works as a citation, you don\u2019t need to bother about formatting author names in parenthetical citations. If there\u2019s no author, you can use the institution\u2019s or organization\u2019s name in running text, or simply reword the sentence such that you only need the citation number.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Recent fMRI studies by Takemura et al.6-9<\/sup> do not support this viewpoint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    An earlier report by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare10<\/sup> suggested that\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Learn how to format AMA style in-text citations, for one author, multiple authors, no authors, etc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1461,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3],"tags":[59,117],"ppma_author":[55],"yoast_head":"\nAMA Style In-Text Citations: Citing Sources As Per AMA Style - Editage USA Official Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to format AMA style in-text citations, when you've got one author, multiple authors, or no authors, or have to use page numbers.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.us\/blog\/ama-style-in-text-citations-citing-sources-as-per-ama-style\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AMA Style In-Text Citations: Citing Sources As Per AMA Style - 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